Petit Verdot
N
Wine grape variety.
The geographical origin of the variety is specified or, if this is not possible, the area in which it is traditionally cultivated. The genetic origin of the variety is also indicated whenever it is known from hybridiser data or from genetic analyses published or obtained by the teams at INRAE in Montpellier (UMR AGAP) and Vassal-Montpellier Grapevine Biological Resources Centre (CRB-Vigne).
This variety is originally from the south west of France.
This information indicates the normal and statutory use for the grapes.
Wine grape variety.
Name under which the variety is officially registered in the catalogue of grapevine varieties in France and under which it may be propagated and disseminated.
Petit Verdot
Recognised alternative names that may be used to identify the propagation material of the variety in France or in other member countries of the European Union.
There is no officially recognized synonym in France nor in the other countries of the European Union, for this variety.
This information indicates on which list the variety is registered (A or B), whether it is classified for wine grapes, and in which member countries of the European Union the variety is also officially registered (for more information, see the "Legislation" menu.
In France, Petit Verdot is officially listed in the "Catalogue of vine varieties" on the A list and classified. This variety is also listed in the catalogues of other Member States of the Europen Union: Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Italy, Malta, Portugal and Spain.
Evolution of cultivated areas in France
The figures provided are taken from vineyard land registers (IVCC, ONIVIT, ONIVINS), general agricultural censuses (SCEES-INSEE) and the current computerised vineyard register (DGDDI, FAM).
Regional vine planting data is available on the following site: https://visionet.franceagrimer.fr/Pages/DonneesInteractivesDocs.aspx?sousmenu=observatoire%20de%20la%20viticulture.
The figures provided are taken from vineyard land registers (IVCC, ONIVIT, ONIVINS), general agricultural censuses (SCEES-INSEE) and the current computerised vineyard register (DGDDI, FAM). Regional vine planting data is available on the following site: https://visionet.franceagrimer.fr/Pages/DonneesInteractivesDocs.aspx?sousmenu=observatoire%20de%20la%20viticulture.
Year |
ha |
|
|---|---|---|
|
1958 |
685 |
|
|
1968 |
401 |
|
|
1979 |
522 |
|
|
1988 |
338 |
|
|
1998 |
364 |
|
|
2008 |
729 |
|
|
2018 |
1475 |
Only the principal ampelographic elements enabling the varieties to be characterised and identified are provided. They are presented according to the descriptor code recognised by the International Organisation of Vine and Wine (OIV), the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV), the Community Plant Variety Office (OCVV) and Bioversity International (for more information, see the "Ampelographic glossary" menu). The photographs of leaves and grapes were taken in natural conditions, on the vine, in very similar situations in terms of growing conditions (sandy soil, Mediterranean coast): - Domaine de l'Espiguette (IFV), Le Grau du Roi (Gard), - Domaine de Vassal (INRAE), Marseillan (Hérault), - La Gaillarde Campus (Institut Agro | Montpellier SupAgro), Montpellier (Hérault). Only a few photographs, including the tips of bunches, were taken in other conditions.
- the tip of the young shoot with a high density of prostrate hairs,
- the yellow young leaves and tendrils,
- the shoots with green internodes,
- the cordate, matte, dark green adult leaves, with three lobes, a slightly open petiole sinus or with parallel edges, and occasionally with a tooth on the edge, short teeth compared to their width at the base with straight sides, no anthocyanin coloration of veins, a slightly revolute, blistered leaf blade, undulate between the veins near the petiole sinus, and on the lower side of the leaves, a medium density of prostrate hairs,
- the round-shaped berries.
Genetic profile
The genetic profile of the variety is provided for the 9 microsatellite markers (or SSR markers) selected under the European programme GrapeGen06 (http://www.eu-vitis.de/index.php) and by the OIV. The absolute size values of the alleles may vary slightly from one laboratory to another, but the relative differences between the two alleles of one single microsatellite are constant. The genetic analyses were conducted by the INRAE Montpellier team (UMR AGAP) and the IFV’s Plant Material Centre.
| Microsatellite | VVS2 | VVMD5 | VVMD7 | VVMD27 | VRZAG62 | VRZAG79 | VVMD25 | VVMD28 | VVMD32 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Allele 1 |
141 |
223 |
239 |
176 |
194 |
252 |
248 |
216 |
239 |
|
Allele 2 |
153 |
229 |
262 |
186 |
204 |
256 |
254 |
235 |
239 |
The data on suitability are the result of field observations or, if none are available, of bibliography mining and the study of bibliographic references.
Petit Verdot is a fertile and rather productive variety. It grows soft shoots, fragile at the base, rather long, with horizontal bearing which need trellising. It is well adapted to gravelly soils. In southern areas, Petit Verdot requires regular watering. Formerly, some stumps were sensitive to coulure due to the presence of a stigma malformation. This characteristic has been eliminated in France with selection work.
These remarks are also the result of field observations or, if none are available, of bibliography mining and study of bibliographic references.
This variety is a little sensitive to powdery mildew and mites.
The growth stages indicated are the result of obsrvations made at the Domaine de Vassal Estate where the set of these varieties form a collection. The results are indicated compared to the Chasselas vine variety as a reference in order to make comparisons between years and different sites. As such, for information purposes, the dates for the Chasselas B growth stage at Domaine de Vassal are as follows: - Bud burst, 21 March (average over 50 years) - Grape maturity, 14 August (average over 50 years)
Bud burst: 4 days after Chasselas.
Grape maturity: mid-season, 3 weeks and a half to 4 weeks after Chasselas.
The size of grape clusters and berries indicated are based on the following scales: - Wine grape varieties Size : Very small Bunch (g) : ≤ 100 Berry (g) : 1 - Table grape varieties Bunch (g) : 150 Berry (g) : 2 - Wine grape varieties Size : Small Bunch (g) : 100 - 200 Berry (g) : 1,5 - 2 - Table grape varieties Bunch (g) : 150 - 250 Berry (g) : 2 - 3,5 - Wine grape varieties Size : Moderate Bunch (g) : 200 - 250 Berry (g) : 2 - 2,5 - Table grape varieties Bunch (g) : 250 - 400 Berry (g) : 3,5 - 5,5 - Wine grape varieties Size : Large Bunch (g) : 250 - 400 Berry (g) : 2,5 - 3,5 - Table grape varieties Bunch (g) : 400 - 700 Berry (g) : 5,5 - 8 - Wine grape varieties Size : Very large Bunch (g) : 400 Berry (g) : 3,5 - Table grape varieties Bunch (g) : 700 Berry (g) : 8 Remarks concerning the characteristics of the wines are generally based on tastings organised by juries of professionals.
The bunches are medium and berries are small in size. Petit Verdot, when fully ripe, can produce very powerful, rich, colored and tannic wines. These quality wines are suited to ageing, which, when blended, can provide body, color and liveliness to flat wines. Under favorable weather conditions, Petit Verdot can produce grapes that are rich in sugar while maintaining high acidity.
In this section, the list of certified clones is given. Information on clone conservatories is also provided.
The four certified Petit Verdot clones carry the numbers 400, 1058, 1273 and 1274. Three conservatories of approximately 150 clones in total were planted since 2002 in the Bordeaux wine-growing region.
Bibliography
- Catalogue des variétés et clones de vigne cultivés en France. Collectif, 2007, Ed. IFV, Le Grau-du-Roi, France.
- Documentary collections of the Centre de Ressources Biologiques de la Vigne de Vassal-Montpellier, INRAE - Institut Agro | Montpellier, Marseillan, France.
- Dictionnaire encyclopédique des cépages et de leurs synonymes. P. Galet, 2015, Ed. Libre&Solidaire, France.
- Traité général de viticulture, Ampélographie. P. Viala and V. Vermorel, 1901-1909, Ed. Masson, Paris, France.
Description of clones approved in France
In this section, the list of certified clones is given. Information on clone conservatories is also provided.
In this section, the list of certified clones is given. Information on clone conservatories is also provided.
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Clone number
-
Brand
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Origin
Region, department or winegrowing region in which the “clone mother plant” was identified and selected.
-
Selection
Body or bodies which selected the clone. In France, clonal selection is the responsibility of the selection organisations (themselves accredited by the ministry in charge of agriculture), usually in close collaboration with a technical partner working in a winegrowing region. For clones certified after 1999, the name of the partner or partners who took part in the selection work is also included. (NB: CA = Chamber of Agriculture).
-
Year of approval
Year in which the clone was certified by the FranceAgriMer board further to a proposal by the Vine section of the CTPS (Permanent Technical Committee for Plant Selection).
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Agronomic Reference
Region, department or winegrowing region in which the agronomic and technological data were collected.
-
Surface in multiplication
Surface area in hectares (ha) of stock nurseries used for propagation for the year under consideration (in brackets), which allows the available potential to be evaluated. Clones with a surface area of between 0.01 and 0.10 ha are shown as <0.10 ha. Clones of limited dissemination, but for which we have technical data, are shown as <0.01 ha. Other clones are given as “low-dissemination clone”, which means that the clone has been certified only recently or has not been propagated. In both cases, only the initial material is planted in the selection centres.
-
N
-
400
-
-
Pyrénées-Atlantiques
-
ENTAV
-
1975
-
Bordelais
-
13.46 ha
-
Agronomic Data
-
Fertility high
-
Production level medium to high
-
Cluster weight medium
-
Berry size medium to high
-
Technological Data
-
Sugar richness medium
-
Color potential medium
-
Total acidity medium
-
Tannic structure medium
-
Oenological skills representative wines of the variety
-
N
-
1058
-
-
Gironde
-
CA 33 - ENTAV
-
2000
-
Bordelais
-
3.75 ha
-
Agronomic Data
-
Fertility low
-
Production level low to medium
-
Cluster weight medium
-
Berry size medium
-
Technological Data
-
Sugar richness medium
-
Color potential medium to high
-
Total acidity medium
-
Tannic structure medium
-
Oenological skills balanced, round and colored wines
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Other information
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General note a little later maturity. Clone appreciated for its agronomic characteristics and the quality of the wines obtained.
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N
-
1273
-
-
Gironde
-
Pépinières Mercier - IFV
-
2018
-
Bordelais
-
-
-
Agronomic Data
-
Fertility low
-
Production level low
-
Cluster weight low
-
Berry size medium
-
Susceptibility to Botrytis low to medium
-
Technological Data
-
Sugar richness medium to high
-
Color potential high
-
Total acidity low
-
Tannic structure medium to high
-
Aromatic intensity medium to high
-
Oenological skills structured and well-balanced wines that last on the mouth
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Other information
-
General note lower production level with smaller bunches and berries. Erect bearing. <br/> Wines appreciated in tasting thanks to their tannic structure, <br/>good length in the mouth and harmonious balance
-
N
-
1274
-
-
Gironde
-
Pépinières Mercier - IFV
-
2018
-
Bordelais
-
-
-
Agronomic Data
-
Fertility low to medium
-
Production level medium
-
Cluster weight medium
-
Berry size medium to high
-
Susceptibility to Botrytis medium
-
Technological Data
-
Sugar richness low to medium
-
Color potential medium
-
Total acidity low
-
Tannic structure medium to high
-
Aromatic intensity medium to high
-
Oenological skills well-balanced wines, representative of the variety
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Other information
-
General note clone with good production potential. Wines appreciated in tasting
